内容最初由Courtney Vengrin博士提出.D., 课程评估及教学支援主任, 助理教学教授, 爱荷华州立大学兽医学院
一幅图胜过千言万语, 但是当涉及到数据可视化时, 你是怎么画这幅画的?
In the world of assessment, we are constantly inundated with data. Often this data only makes sense to a select few who are working with the figures on a regular basis. 通过数据可视化, you can tell the story of your critical data to a broader audience – be it faculty, 学生, 利益相关者, 或认可机构.
为什么视觉效果?
视觉效果问题. 对我们大多数人来说，我们是健全视力的人. 我们每天以视觉方式处理大部分信息. 如果你想想开车，大多数标志都是视觉上的. 它加快了我们的处理时间，克服了语言障碍, 用来快速清晰地沟通重要的事情.
Research also shows that data visualization matters in an institutional setting. Azzam在2013年的一项研究发现:
“The use of data visualizations can provide a better means of communicating impacts on student success.”
Visualizations can also help our 学生 in assessing and monitoring their own learning.
将视觉效果与评估数据联系起来的好处
So how do we take this strong method of storytelling and connect it to communicating our 评估过程 以及总体叙述? 数据可视化是 a great way to make people care about the data and tell a story about the 学生, 在课程和学习中进行教学. 作为一名评估专家, you can take your rows and rows of data and translate it into something that matters and makes sense to people who don’t speak assessment language. You can easily demonstrate and clearly convey that our programs are making an impact, 我们的学生正在取得成功.
什么是评估数据可视化?
首先，让我们回顾一下数据可视化的定义. 数据可视化是 结合从循证实践中收集的数据, 无论是教学还是项目, 用视觉来讲述一个更有影响力的故事, 是否属于该类, 通过程序提高学习能力, 或者任何你需要与更广泛的受众交流的东西. It’s a really effective way to get across the information in those spreadsheets to the public who might not be involved with the program.
可视化数据前要问的5个问题
这不是在创建任何旧的图表. This is a refined process that hones in on the data that is crucial to the story and what really matters. It leaves no data behind and allows us to focus on the main point. There are 5 questions to ask ourselves before we begin engaging in data visualization.
-
你有什么数据?
Start with thinking through what kind of data you have to start constructing a message of what you want to convey. Examples could include quantitative and qualitative data; including student scores, 预测考试, 来自雇主和校友调查的调查数据和其他指标. 评论部分和时间线也可以创造好的视觉效果. As you collect your pieces of data, ask yourself – is there more analysis to be done?
-
您的数据准备好可视化了吗?
你的数据只是电子表格上的数字吗, 或者它们需要被分析才能活过来, 有意义, 然后开始讲故事? As assessment professionals, you are most likely already doing some of this analysis. 你需要对这些数据做额外的统计吗? Ask yourself, what will make the most impact on the overall story and start brainstorming some ideas. 百分比或平均分数是否比普通数据更有效? 有什么范围可以帮助说明你的主要观点吗? 任何引用或图片，将讲述一个更好的故事?
-
你的信息的关键点是什么?
当你在构思故事的具体信息时, 想清楚为什么你被要求创造这个视觉效果. 是为了fun88乐天使的目的吗? 院长让你做年度报告了吗? 记住要点，让你的整个故事深入人心, and if those key points are answering the initial question you set out to explain. Note that you don’t have to go overboard on the visualizations, either. 你的目标是清晰而不是数量. 也, consider asking an outside perspective on what you have constructed so far to see if your data is tracking to your key points and overall story.
-
多么重要的事实常常被忽视?
作为一名评估专家，你对你的数据非常了解. You most likely have great insight into what might get overlooked in presentations and final reports, or if your message is not effectively coming through in the key points. We don’t want the potential audience to play “Where’s Waldo” with the facts and supporting data. If there are any muddy or confusing points, consider adding a visual to help clarify.
-
好的视觉效果是什么样的?
After answering the first four questions and getting clarity on what your message is, 支持这一信息的关键点是什么, and what could potentially be getting overlooked within that narrative, 你已经准备好开始创建你的第一个视觉效果了. As you begin, here are some helpful design principles to craft a compelling and effective visual.
迪特·拉姆斯设计原则(根据数据修改)
These principles are drafted by Dieter Rams and are widely accepted as a good foundation for visual design. 为数据可视化而修改，
好的数据可视化是:
- 创新、现代、时尚
- 使 data 有用的
- 赏心悦目
- 使 data 可以理解的
- Unobtrusive or distracting – act as a microphone, not a megaphone for your data
- Honest – don’t alter axes or change the visual to sway or skew your analysis and point
- 经久耐用，经得起时间的考验
- Thorough down to the last detail – every aspect of the graph is considered and intentional
- Economically 友好-如何使这些视觉效果易于创建?
- 简单，涉及尽可能少的设计-少即是多
总之
Data visualization provides a means to view data in different ways and gives us a better chance of detecting obscured patterns and connections. Visuals are a strong tool in your toolbox to help your audience better understand the good assessment work you are doing at your institution.
***
For more detailed information on this topic, including some step-by-step examples, watch the 评估数据可视化的资源与方法 会议记录.
***
考特尼·文格林博士.D.
Dr. Courtney Vengrin is the 课程评估及教学支援主任 for the College of Veterinary Medicine, as well as an 助理教学教授 in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences. However, she is quick to point out that she is a social scientist and data nerd at heart. Dr. Vengrin有个M.S. 农业推广教育专业，博士学位.D. in Agricultural, Leadership, and Community Education, both from Virginia Tech. She likes to say that she is a “recovering” high school teacher and is trying to cope with the fact that she began her career in education 10 years ago this year. Dr. Vengrin’s research interests include evaluation and assessment culture, 技术强化教育实践, 以及学生在大学环境中的成功. She is passionate about data science and data visualization and loves to engage in conversations about statistics!
Want to see how 织 can help you simplify your 评估过程?
填写下面的表格以获得个性化演示. 您将收到有关当前fun88乐天使系统的建议, 以及织如何简化您的工作流程的概述, improve collaboration and make your assessment and accreditation process a success.
